Raw Materials Inventory Definition, Formula, and Turnover

Published: January 17, 2022

In some cases, you may have raw materials that aren’t usable anymore because of spoilage (in the case of food items) or quality degradation. Debit these materials to your COGS account and credit your raw materials inventory. After using raw materials in production, debit the work-in-process inventory account and credit the raw materials account. These are the raw materials that will become part of your finished products.

One way to track the performance of a business is the speed of its inventory turnover. When a business sells inventory at a faster rate than its competitors, it incurs lower holding costs and decreased opportunity costs. As a result, they often outperform, since this helps with the efficiency of its sale of goods. Also called stock turnover, this is a metric that measures how much of a company’s inventory is sold, replaced, or used and how often. This figure provides insight into how profitable a company is and whether there are inefficiencies that need to be addressed.

  1. Most businesses are in a race to acquire the lowest-cost material and drive operating costs down as far as they can.
  2. The moving average cost provides a dynamic and continuously updated valuation of the raw materials, offering a more fluid reflection of their current value in the inventory.
  3. A well-maintained raw material inventory enables smoother negotiations and relationships with suppliers.
  4. From the hiring, onboarding, and managing employee benefits and bonuses, to leave and attendance management, the tool processes payroll faster.
  5. Depending on the kind of materials, the quality may deteriorate before they are even used, causing the materials to be thrown away.

QuickBooks Online can help businesses manage their raw materials and inventory on and off the balance sheet, with accounting and inventory management software capabilities. Improve your inventory management today when you start your free trial of QuickBooks Online. The result tells you how many times the company’s raw materials inventory is used and replaced over a given period. A higher turnover rate indicates efficient use of materials, while a lower rate might suggest overstocking or inefficiencies in the production process. Indirect materials inventory, on the other hand, refers to the raw materials that are consumed during the production process, but are not a component of the finished product. For example, fuel, lubricants, protective equipment, and disposable tools are typically considered indirect raw materials inventory.

Every manufacturer knows the importance of raw materials – without them, there’s no final product. But it’s not easy keeping track of all the essential elements needed to keep the production line productive. Well-managed raw material inventory allows for a rapid response to customer orders,  reducing lead times and enhancing overall service levels. Your raw materials may not spoil like raw materials inventory supermarket produce,  but the result of keeping large amounts of raw material stock around is the same. That’s why it’s important to understand your raw materials’ value and customer demand. In this article, we’ll cover what raw material inventory is,  why it’s a critical element within your supply chain,  how to calculate it,  and best practices for procuring and managing it.

Calculate Reorder Points for Safety Stock

But to maintain a smooth flow from procurement to production to your customer’s door, you also need a well-coordinated delivery system. But if you try to save money and don’t have enough materials, you’ll run out of stock and won’t be able to meet customer demand. Material resource planning is the process that determines what materials you need for production and in what quantities. The average time a business focuses on each type of inventory changes at different stages in the business’ life.

Raw material inventory management techniques

When raw materials are purchased, they are recorded at their purchase cost. As materials are used in production, their cost is transferred to a work-in-progress inventory account, and subsequently to finished goods inventory once the manufacturing process is complete. A good reorder point ensures that your business typically does not dip below your safety stock levels. Most businesses employ some minimum inventory principles for raw materials used in production. Maintaining raw materials inventory ensures a smooth production process, meeting customer demand promptly and reducing lead times.

The computation of raw materials varies based on their nature and type, such as direct and indirect materials. The raw materials are generally recorded with a debit treatment to the asset account for the inventory and credit treatment in the liabilities account for the account payable. The direct materials are regarded as the debit in the work-in-process inventory and similarly as a credit to the asset account of raw materials. Accurate raw material inventory valuation ensures that your financial statements provide an accurate representation of your company’s assets and financial performance. Additionally, consult with your accounting or financial team for guidance on which valuation method is most suitable for your business.

Raw Material Inventory Valuation Methods

Raw materials inventory is procured, stored, and received before any other products in the supply chain, and is absolutely integral to producing enough high-quality final product. When sourcing raw materials, you will want to find and work with suppliers that are reliable and transparent. When securing a supplier, businesses can look for manufacturers, distributors, individual suppliers, or import foreign goods. You can also use a manufacturing inventory management system such as a manufacturing ERP to automatically calculate your inventory value according to your preferred valuation method. Materials, on the other hand, are items that involved directly in creating your final product. Common examples of materials for manufacturing include items like fabric, wood, and metal.

Material requirements planning software available on the market gives manufacturers all the tools they need to get their raw materials under control. The type of accounting system used affects the value of the account on the balance sheet. Periodic inventory systems determine the LIFO, FIFO, or weighted average value at the end of every period, whereas perpetual systems determine the inventory value after every transaction. Periodic stock takes are quicker and more effective if all of your inventory levels are accurate at all times. Instead of performing numerous time-consuming data entry tasks, you are simply verifying information that is already in your system. Inventory forecasting, or demand planning, involves making predictions about needed inventory levels based on past data, trends, and events.

The downside of periodic tracking is that you won’t always have an accurate picture of your raw materials inventory levels, which can lead to stock outs or overstocking. One of the most important aspects of raw materials inventory management is keeping accurate records of your current inventory levels. Effective raw material tracking involves seamless collaboration with suppliers and vendors. A tracking system should facilitate communication and data exchange, enabling businesses to receive timely updates on material deliveries, lead times, and quality information. This feature promotes transparency, strengthens supplier relationships, and enhances supply chain coordination. Implementing a raw material tracking system significantly improves inventory accuracy.

A well-maintained raw material inventory enables smoother negotiations and relationships with suppliers. It allows for bulk purchasing,  discounts,  and favourable credit https://personal-accounting.org/ terms,  strengthening the supply chain. Without a proper raw material inventory plan in place,  you will drive up your manufacturing costs for no good reason.

This is an essential component of inventory management that considers the erratic nature of supply and demand. However, it could be impossible to meet the deadlines if you face a stock crunch. A lack of essential raw materials can lead to disrupted order fulfillment and tarnish the business’s reputation. By gathering data from your sales, production lines, and anywhere else on your supply chain, you can ensure you always have the right amount of raw material on hand when you need it. Such an organization that manufactures furniture would first calculate its average raw material inventory if it wanted to calculate its raw material turnover rate for the past fiscal year.

Raw material inventory comprises the assortment of materials, components, and substances that a company holds in stock for the purpose of production. These items remain unprocessed and have yet to undergo any manufacturing or assembly. The specific composition of raw materials can vary dramatically across industries. For instance, in a bakery, flour, sugar, and eggs constitute raw materials, while in the automotive sector, steel, rubber, and plastics serve as the building blocks. Regardless of the industry, managing raw materials inventory is pivotal in operational efficiency.

Collaborative relationships can lead to preferential pricing,  better terms,  and reliable deliveries. Maintain a safe stock of critical raw materials to safeguard against unexpected disruptions in supply chains,  such as supplier delays or natural disasters. Unfortunately,  raw materials sometimes become so outdated or damaged that they are no longer usable.

Keeping up with these best practices for raw material inventory management can be a challenge initially, but eventually, it will become second nature to how you operate. You can speed up adopting these strategies with software like Brahmin Solutions. Think about the raw materials you have lying around for the longest time, and ask yourself why you need them. But even if quality control isn’t a quantitative factor, like raw material inventory, it still plays a role in your production times and sales. Don’t hesitate to reject or return defective materials, and never cut corners. You do not need to track every material consumed in your production to have proper inventory management of raw materials.

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